Immunomodulatory Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: A Review Study

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that may lead to disability of the patient. Current MS treatment regimens are still insufficient and research is conducted for developing more effective therapies capable of targeting neurodegeneration, inflammation, and demyelination. Recent results of experimental and clinical studies in cell-based therapy suggest Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as potential candidates in autoimmune disorders. Immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties of mesenchymal stem cells might offer the valuable therapeutic potential to modulate inflammatory responses associated with MS and repairing damaged nervous tissue. This review summarizes the main experimental studies and clinical trials using MSCs in MS.